We have seen (Vol. I. p. 153,) that one of the most common names of Buddha was Sacya (the name of the Lama of Tibet) and Saca, and Saca-sa. From this name of Buddha it was that the tribe who inhabited an extensive country east of the Caspian Sea and north of Tibet, were called Sacæ. (Vide Ptolemy.) This was the hive whose castes are yet found in the West, called Saxons, having, as Dr. Geddes says, the Hebrew language. They were the Belgic Suessones of Gaul; one of their capitals was Soissons : they were called Sausen by the Welsh, Sacon by the Scotch, and Sasenach or Saxsenach by the Irish. They are the people said by Herodotus to be the same as the Scythians.*

They were castes or swarms sent out in succession, from a great and excessively populous hive in Tartary or North India—the country of the thousand cities of Strabo. … They were the subjects of the only civilized nation on the earth. They took with them every where their manners, government, language, religion, and allegiance to their supreme head, as our colonies all retain their allegiance to the mother country. They at first nowhere found any of their own high caste, none in fact but such persons as we found in America—Aborigines, as we call them. They met with no resistance; but, by degrees, as the world became peopled with the successors of previous tribes of their own countrymen, and land scare, wars for possession began to arise. This I shall discuss, however, in my next Book.

There is scarcely a corner of the globe where the doctrines of Wisdom may not, as a mythos, be found. My learned friend Eusèbe de Salverte* has clearly proved that, by the Sagas of the Scandinavians, the books of Wisdom are meant—the word Saga being the same as the French sagesse and the Latin sagax.

Strabo says,* "ALL the tribes eastward of the Caspian Sea are called Scythic : the Daæ next to the sea, and the Sacæ more eastward : but every tribe has a particular name; all are nomadic." It is inattention to this which causes all our confusion. We have here the Clans of Scotland, and the Tribes of Bedoween Arabs. The Sacæ, pronounces in Sanscrit like our Sak-hæ,** have made in Asia irruptions similar to those of the Cimmerians : thus they possessed themselves of Bactria, and the district of Armenia, called after them Sacasena. This word, I believe, is only Sacas-ana, country of Sacas. I have no doubt that when nomade tribes were driven out of the lands which they loosely settled, they passed, like the Israelites from Egypt, through countries occupied by other tribes, in search of new habitations, till they could go no farther; then a desperate struggle took place for the possession of the extreme country : thus Saxons arrived in Germany and Britain, from countries the most remote.

Brahma carries a book as an emblem. This was because he was the first emanation or divine Wisdom, and the Wisdom contained in the Veda or Book of Wisdom came from him. Hence, in Greece, Bacchus or Brahme was called Liber.*

"This is not the place for a comparison of this kind : but how many things described in the Scriptures do we find in these engravings ! the ark of the covenant (here carried in procession), the cherubim with their extended wings, the holy candlesticks, the shew bread, and many parts of the sacrifices ! In the architecture itself a certain similarity is instantly recognised, although among the Jews every thing was on a smaller scale."* In his maps the temples of Meroe, in several instances, appear built in the exact cross-form of our churches.

After finding the Judæan mythos, the mythos which Eusebius asserts existed before Abraham, in North and South India, and in China, it would have been singular if it had not been found in Egypt. This singularity had been proved not to exist by the Abbé Guérin de Rocher, who has undertaken to shew, in his work called Histoire des Temps Fabuleux, that the history of Egypt, detailed by Herodotus, Diodorus, Suidas, Manetho, &c., is not a true history of Egypt, but a mere travesty of the history of the Jews; and however much I may differ from him, both generally and in many particulars, yet I think he has proved his case, so far as to shew, that the two were, in many instances, substantially the same, as they ought to be, if they were nothing but a repetition of the same mythos; but which they could not possibly be, and be at the same time both true histories of countries, as he justly observes. All this tends strongly to prove that Herodotus was really the father of history, the first real historian : all the works before his, being mere mythoses, founded on the traditionary, unwritten stories of each country, detailed by the priests for the purpose of religion, not of history.

The Egyptian history is evidently a garbled, and, in many respects, a confused misrepresentation of the same history or mythos as that of the Jews; the Abbé attributes this misrepresentation to the ignorance of the Egyptians in the Jewish language, but who, on the contrary, must have been well acquainted with it, as appears from their names of men and places, which are almost all Hebrew. It is much more probably attributable to the ignorance of the four Greek authors, who evidently betray their ignorance in a variety of ways, and indeed confess it. But the fact that they are, at the bottom, the same mythoses or histories cannot be doubted. Here, then, we find the reason why the Jewish prophet, Isaiah xix. 18, says, that the true God should be adored, or was adored at five temples in the land of Egypt; and here we find the reason of the pictures of the Judæan mythos in Egypt in several of my groups of figures, and of the Judæan names of towns, mountains, and districts, which I have before pointed out, and here we find the meaning of the expression in the Apocalypse, the Lord crucified in Egypt.

… And here we have Herodotus searching for history in Egypt, deceived by a mythos, the same as a mythos in Syria : and, if it were not a mythos, what could induce the priests of Egypt to have given Herodotus a story in which Abraham, Sarah, and the other persons, in the Syrian history, were actors, as Egyptian history ? Why did they not give the history, or the greatest part of it, correctly, as we have it in Genesis, instead of travestying it ? … but we can have no difficulty in finding the remainder of the mythos of North and South India, in the death and resurrection of Orus and Osiris. The Abbé observes,* that the different histories are confused, but that certain of the kings are but repetitions of Moses; that is, reincarnations of the Saviour. They are merely renewed incarnations—of course as we have found them in India—all having a family likeness.**

Eutychius says,* that the first city built by Noah was Thebes, which he called Thamanim. This is strongly confirmatory of the theory of the Abbé de Rocher, and of my system, that the whole mythic history has been in Egypt : but, as we might expect, accommodated to its local and other circumstances.

Speaking of the Egyptians, it is said by another learned Abbé, the Abbé Bazin,* that the words I am that I am, were on the front of the temple of Isis at Sais, and that the name esteemed the most sacred by the Egyptians was that which the Hebrews adopted, Y-HA-HO. He says, it is variously pronounced : but Clement of Alexandria, assures us, in his Stromatis, that all those who entered into the temple of Serapis, were obliged to wear on their persons, in a conspicuous situation, the name I-ha-ho, or I-ha-hou, which signifies the God eternal. From this, I think, we may fairly infer, that the Egyptians were of the same religion, in its fundamentals, as the Jews. An attentive consideration of the passage of the book of Esther, where the Persian idolaters are described as being put to death, will, I think, justify me in saying, that it affords grounds for the opinion, that they were the same. The book of Esther appears to have been part of the chronicles of the kings of Persia, adopted by the Jews into their canon, evidently to account for their feast of Purim.

It is a very remarkable circumstance that we should here find the old Hebrew or Chaldee language, for they were both the same, to be the oldest used in Egypt. … The fact was, I have no doubt, that the language was the ancient Coptic, which was Hebrew or Chaldee. I do not speak of the forms of the letters used, because these were changed by caprice every day; nor, indeed, of the written language; for it must have been a Masonic secret. I cannot doubt that 1000 years before the captivity, the Chaldee, the Hebrew, the Syriac, and the Coptic, were all the same language.

I beg my reader would now reconsider the circumstances, that we have found a repetition of the same mythos of Moses, &c., &c., in several countries; secondly, that the voyages of salvation or processions about the country, or Diesuls, as they are called in Britain, are found in most countries; and, thirdly, that it appears probable, from the practice of the Roman Church in scenically representing all the acts of the Saviour in the course of every year, that these processions or relations of the Mosaic history in the different countries, were originally nothing more than the scenical representation of the first mythos, which probably arose originally in Ayoudia, and in the process of time come to be believed by the people who performed them. The scenical representation arose before the knowledge of letters, and was invented in order to keep the scheme from being lost; and I think it not at all unlikely, that the whole vulgar mythos of an incarnated person was a parable, invented by the philosophers for the purpose of keeping their refined and beautiful doctrines, and their cycles and astronomy, from being lost. …

… When Egypt was divided into small states, each would have its Saviour, its voyage of Salvation, or Die-sul, or holy procession, its Olympus, Meru, &c., and its mythos of an immaculate conception, crucifixion, resurrection, &c., &c. : but when it became united under one head, it would have, as we read, one for the whole country, which annually made a procession the whole length of the Nile.

I now request my reader, before we proceed to any other subject, to reflect well upon what we have found in the Abbé's work. Let him think upon the two cities of Thebes, or the ark from which pigeons were sent out, and from which all animals and men descended, &c. Let him remember Hercules three days in the Dag, and Jonas three days in the Fish. Let him remember Samson's likeness to Hercules. Let him remember Iphigenia and Jephthah's daughter, &c., &c., &c., and then let him account, if he can, for these things, in any other way than that which I have pointed out.

Many months after the Anacalypsis had been in the press, Lord Kingsborough's magnificent work on Mexico made its appearance. This will account for the manner in which I have spoken of Mexican hieroglyphics in the first volume. My reader will readily believe me when I say it was with great pleasure I discovered in every part of that work circumstances which can only be accounted for on the theory laid down by me, and which therefore confirm it in a very remarkable manner. His Lordship's difficulties are very striking : the language of the Jews, their mythos, laws, customs, are every where apparent. This his Lordship accounts for by supposing that in ancient times colonies of Jews went to America from Alexandria. … The South Americans had not the knowledge of letters when the Spaniards arrived among them, nor did they know the use of iron. These facts are of themselves almost enough to prove, and really do prove, when combined with other circumstances, that the Jewish customs and doctrines could not have been carried to them from Alexandria, as above suggested, or by modern Christians, who would have instantly set them to digging their mountains;* but, on the contrary, these facts prove that the colonization must have taken place previously to the discovery of iron by the natives of the old world, long before Alexandria was built;** and this agrees very well with their ignorance of the use of the alphabet. The two facts exhibit the mythos in existence at a period extremely remote indeed. For, the identity of rites, such as circumcision, &c., found in India, Syria, Egypt, and South America, puts the great antiquity of the mythoses out of all doubt.

The similarity between the Jews, Christians, and South Americans, is sufficiently striking; but there is yet something to me still more so, which is, that several of the doctrines which I have advocated in this work, unknown to the vulgar Jews and Christians of this day, are to be found in Mexico. Their Triune God, their Creator, is called by the names Yao and Hom. …

This migration of the Mexicans from the West,* is evidently exactly similar to the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. The going out with great noise and clamour is a part of the mythos. …

On the religion of the Hindoos the Cambridge Key says,* "The pristine religion of the Hindus was, I think, that of the most pure and ancient Catholic faith, and the religion of the enlightened few still continues such. They have worshiped a saviour, as the Redeemer of the world, for more that 4800 years. The religion of their forefathers they brought with them from the old world and established it in the new one. They believe implicitly in a Redeemer, whom they consider as the spirit that moved on the waters at the creation, the God that existed before all worlds." We shall find this the Mexican faith.

One of their periods is 4008 years B.C.,* another 4801. Their fourth age, the editor says, according to the Mexican symbols, lasted 5206 years, and the early Christian converts made it out 5199 years.** This was evidently the computation of 5200 years of Eusebius. The period of 4801 is the sum of the eight ages of the correct Neros, 8 x 600=4800. The Mexicans are said to be great astrologers.

The Mexicans believed that the millenium would commence at the end of some cycle of 52 years—4 x 13=52; and they concluded each of these periods with deep lamentations and terrors, and hailed with corresponding joy the moment when the new cycle had commenced, which shewed that they had a new 52 years' lease. This was exactly the same with the lamentations for the death of Osiris, Adonis, &c., and his resurrection from the tomb. The new cycle having commenced, the danger had past. At first, I doubt not, this was only every 600 years; afterward, with the increasing uncertainty of the ends of those periods, and also with the increase of superstition, the festival of Osiris, &c., came, for the sake of security, to be celebrated every year.

… He (Humboldt) shews that they new-cleaned and furnished all their houses and temples, precisely as was done by the ancient Egyptians, and, he might have added, as is also done by the Romish church at every jubilee.* He shews that the Mexicans had convents of Monks precisely like the Tibetians and the Romish church. After this, Humboldt states, that M. La Place, from a careful examination, had come to the conclusion, that the Mexicans knew the length of the Tropical year more correctly than Hipparchus, and almost as correctly as Almamon;** and he shews, from various astronomical circumstances, that they must have had a close connexion with Eastern Asia and its cycles.

It is said that after the deluge sacrificing commenced. The person who answers to Noah entered the Ark with six others, and that soon after the deluge his descendants built the tower of Tulan Cholula, partly to see what was going on in heaven, and partly for fear of another deluge, but it was destroyed by thunder and lightning. The story of sending birds out of the ark, the confusion and dispersion of tribes, is the same in general character with that of the Bible. …

In Volume XXI.* of the Classical Journal will be found some interesting remarks of Mr. Faber's on the close similarity between the pyramid on the mountain Cholula of the Mexicans, and the tower of Belus. That one is a copy of the other, or that they are both taken from some common mythos, cannot possibly de doubted. …

The Mexicans' large temple, placed on a conical hill, called Xochicalco, meant, as they say, house of flowers. This is Xaca and Calx, Calyx, which meant Rose.¹ The hill was excavated into large caves,² wonderful to behold, when it is considered (as it is there observed), that the Mexicans had no iron. An observation is made by M. Dupaix, that the Mexicans are now quite ignorant of the meaning of their proper names.³ In p. 71. it appears that the temple at Mexico is, in substance and fact, called the temple of Cihnathe, C being pronounced like S, and thus making the temple of Sin or Sion, which will be explained in the book on letters. Lord Kingsborough calls it Sinai or Sina.

Las Casas wrote an account of the Mexicans, in which (we are told) he states his belief that they are descended from the Jews.* This account, by his desire, was never published. But why should he object to its being known that the Mexicans descended from the Jews ? The reason is very evident : it was because he saw it was ridiculous, and he did not believe it himself. This book is in the Academy of History at Madrid. It was examined a few years ago by the Government, but it was not thought proper to publish it.**

David Malcombe, in his Essay on Ant. or Brit., says, " … But the Accusamilenses bring another reason of adoring the cross, and which seems nearer truth, to wit, That they had received by tradition from their forefathers, that formerly a man more glorious than the sun had passed through these countries and suffered on a cross."

The Rev. Dr. Hyde, speaking of the priests of Peru, takes occasion to say, "Nam populi simplicitas et sacerdotum astutia omni ævo omnique regione semper notabilis."* No wonder the University of Oxford refused to print any more of his manuscripts. He was speaking of a virgin of Peru, who was pregnant by the sun. The Reverend Doctors of Oxford did right not to publish his works while he lived, and to destroy his manuscripts when he died.** He ought to have been burnt himself—Omnique regione, indeed ! ! !

The Mexican king danced before the God, and was consecrated and anointed by the high priest with holy unction. On one day of the year all the fires were put out, and lighted again from one sacred fire in the temple;¹—the practice of the Druids. Lord Kingsborough² shews, that the Messiah of the Jews is foretold to have an ugly or a marred countenance, and that the Mexican Quecalcoatle is said to have had the same. At the end of October they had a festival exactly answering to our All Saints and All Souls.³ They call it the festival of advocates, because each human being had an advocate to plead for him. Thus we have this festival throughout modern Europe, in Tibet, and in the ancient festival of the Druids' Saman in Ireland, and in Mexico. There is the story of the rebellious angels and the war in heaven.⁴ This is not from our Pentateuch.

The Peruvians had a festival called the festival of Capacreyme, in the first month of their year, called Rayme.* Acosta supposes this was contrived by the Devil in imitation of the Passover. It may be observed, that all the acts of worship are directed avowedly to the Sun. The Mexicans sacrificed human victims, which Lord Kingsborough** has shewn was practised by the Jews, who were, according to his Lordship's account, horrible cannibals.

In the history of the Aztecks of Mexico, we find much respecting one Coxcox saved on a raft, in a great flood. Now when I consider that the Mexicans are so closely connected with North India, and that their accounts are all preserved by a mixture of hieroglyphics and unwritten tradition, I cannot help suspecting that this Coxcox ought to be Sasax or Saxas.

The Mexicans had a forty-days' fast in memory of one of their sacred persons who was tempted forty days on a mountain. He drinks through a reed. He is called the Morning Star, &c., &c. This must be the same person noticed before (p. 24) to have had a reed for an emblem. …

The inhabitants of Florida chaunt the word Hosanna in their religious service, and their priests were named Jouanas.*

Quecalcoatle is represented in the paintings of the Codex Borgianus nailed to the cross.* Sometimes even the two thieves are there crucified with him.**

… And in one instance, where the figure is not merely outlined, the cross is red, the clothes coloured, and the face and hands quite black. If this was the Christianity of the German Nestorius, how came he to teach that the crucified Saviour was black ? The name of the God who was crucified was Queca-al-coatle. I suspect this was Saca, or Xaca, or Kaca—the Coatle (or God).* The mother of Quecalcoatle is called Sochi-quetzal; may this be the mother of Xaca ?** Sochi, or Suchi-quecal is both male and female.***

The Immaculate Conception is described.* This is also described in Torquemada's Indian Monarchy. The Mexican word Dios, meant God, and he was called ineffable.**

The Immaculate Conception is described in the Codex Vaticanus.* The Virgin Chimalman, also called Sochiquetzal or Suchiquecal, was the mother of Quecalcoatle. Sochiquetzal means the lifting up of Roses.

The Mexican Eve is called Suchiquecal. A messenger from heaven announced to her that she should bear a son, who should bruise the serpent's head. He presents her with a rose. This was the commencement of an Age, which was called the Age of Roses. In India this is called the Age of the Lotus, the water rose. Upon this it may be observed, that if this had been a Papist forgery, the woman and not the seed of woman would have bruised the head. … Torquemada's Indian History was mutilated at Madrid before it was published.* Suchiquecal is called the Queen of Heaven. She conceived a son, without connexion with man, who is the God of the Air. This is the immaculate conception, and the God Indra, whom we found crucified and raised from the dead in Nepaul. The Mohamedans have a tradition that Christ was conceived by the smelling of a rose.** …

The founder of the Peruvian nation was called Bochica, the son and the emblem of the Sun. He was high priest of Soga-Mozo (here we have the Saga).¹ His wife was called Chia, (Chia is nothing but Eva corrupted,) Isis, or the Moon; he was described with three heads. Here, I think, are the Buddha and Trimurti of India. His priests were called Xeques and Zaques.² (These are Xacas, or Sagas, or priests of Wisdom.) Humboldt says, "The form of Government given by Bochica to the inhabitants of Bogota is very remarkable, from its analogy with those of Japan and Thibet. The Incas of Peru united in their person the temporal and spiritual powers. The children of the sun were both priests and kings. … The Pontiffs or Lamas, the successors of Bochica, were considered as heirs of his virtue and sanctity. The people flocked in crowds to offer presents to the high priests, visiting those places which were consecrated by the miracles of Bochica."³ …

The Peruvians believed in one Supreme Being, the Creator of Heaven and Earth, called Virachocha and Pachacamack;¹ who had revealed to them his religion.² The Mexicans called their great God Yao INEFFABLE;³ and represented him by an Eye in a Triangle. The cross was every where adored.⁴ The Mexicans expected a Messiah.⁵ Their history of the flood is almost a close copy of that of Moses.⁶ Their baptism⁷ in the presence of witnesses is almost the same as that of the Jews and Persians, and in the same manner they named their children and offered them in the temple. They had the custom of sacrificing the first-born, the same as the Jews, till it was done away by Abraham or Moses. They had also the right of circumcision. (Refer to Vol. I. Book X. Chap. VI. Sect. 13, p. 724). Their temples were in the form of a cross, and faced the four cardinal points.⁸ Their language has many Greek and Hebrew words in it.⁹ They practised auricular confession.¹⁰ They have a sacred and select word like the Indian Om, which is never spoken; but what it is, I do not find mentioned.

There is scarcely a page of Lord Kingsborough's work which does not exhibit proofs of the anxiety of the Spanish government to suppress the information which I have just now detailed, and which does not also shew that it comes to us through the medium of the most unwilling of witnesses.¹ Every contrivance which was possible was resorted to in order to prevent its arrival in Europe; and this accounts for the extraordinary and systematic opposition to the admission of strangers into New Spain. All people likely to be intelligent, such as physicians, persons suspected of heresy, &c., were prohibited from going thither. The reason assigned by the Spanish government was,² that they were prevented from going that they might not create disputes and prevent conversions. The author of the notes to Lord Kingsborough's book³ says, that he believes that the Jews colonized America, and held it for one thousand years, and that they introduced (as it must have been along with their own) the Christian rites into the religion of the Mexicans, who had never heard of Christianity, to shew their hatred of Christianity, and to turn it into ridicule; and, that it was for this reason that they established the Christian doctrines along with those of the Jews,—such as the resurrection, ascension, &c. The passage is so extraordinary, that I think the writer must have meant it for a joke.

Every one must remember the accounts of the perfect horror with which the unhappy Mexicans viewed the first horses, which the Spaniards took over to their country. This I will now account for. It appears from Lord Kingsborough's book, &c., that they had all the mythos which has been so fully explained, of the old world—the immaculate conception, the crucifixion, the resurrection after three days, the expectation of the return of their crucified Saviour, &c,. &c. Every Indian inquirer knows that the last Avatar was always expected by the people of Java to come mounted on a white horse. Now, in several of the Mexican hieroglyphic pictures, though their owners knew nothing of the horse, an animal, which might be either a horse or an ass, is painted. In these same pictures, the other parts of the mythos, the crucifixion, &c., are described. From this it is evident, that although they were not able to convey the horse over the sea, yet they could convey every part of the mythos; the result of this was, that when the Spaniards arrived in flying machine, or machines propelled by the winds,—on the wings of the wind,—across the boundless ocean, or from heaven,—their commander mounted on the unknown animal, described in their ancient pictures to be that on which the promised God was to come;* and, carrying in his hand thunder and lightning, with which he destroyed his enemies at miles distant from him, he was believed to be the last Avatar. Lord Kingsborough gives a very interesting account of the effect which this superstition or belief had upon their conduct—taking away from most of them, from devotion, all wish to resist their God, mounted on his horse and surrounded by thunder and lightning—and from others, through fear, all power : thus giving to their cruel enemies an easy victory. I cannot conceive it possible to devise any thing more conclusive of the truth of my whole system than this. All this accounts for numbers of circumstances relating to the conduct of Montezuma and his people, which have hitherto been utterly unintelligible. And I think it seems evident, that if the miscreants from Spain had really understood their own case, they would have had nothing to do but to have quietly taken possession of the whole empire as its last Avatar and newly-arrived God.